# Materials graphical abstracts: templates > Graphical abstracts for materials science and devices, each with its own composition and live 3D models you can turn: perovskite solar cells, OLEDs, fibre composites, tough hydrogels, silica aerogels, zeolite catalysis, liquid crystals, crystal defects, memristors and nanogenerators. Every caption and number is quoted from the cited papers. URL: https://www.labcanvas.com/templates/graphical-abstracts 10 templates. All templates: https://www.labcanvas.com/templates - [Perovskite solar cell: from crystal to device](https://www.labcanvas.com/templates/graphical-abstracts/perovskite-solar-cell-crystal-device) ([Markdown](https://www.labcanvas.com/templates/graphical-abstracts/perovskite-solar-cell-crystal-device.md)): A zoom-in cascade through a perovskite solar cell: the device stack, its light-absorbing polycrystalline film between the two charge contacts, and the ABX₃ crystal of corner-sharing octahedra as a live 3D model. Light frees electrons and holes in the film; TiO₂ takes the electrons, spiro-OMeTAD the holes, and the electrodes carry the current out. Milestones from 3.8% in 2009 to a certified 25.5% in 2021. - [How an OLED makes light](https://www.labcanvas.com/templates/graphical-abstracts/how-oled-makes-light) ([Markdown](https://www.labcanvas.com/templates/graphical-abstracts/how-oled-makes-light.md)): A graphical abstract of an organic light-emitting diode: holes and electrons step in from the electrodes over a ladder of HOMO and LUMO levels, cross the transport layers of an exploded pixel stack and meet in the emissive layer. There they pair up as one singlet for every three triplet excitons, and fluorescent, phosphorescent or TADF emitters decide how many of them become light. A live 3D pixel and a live 3D rubrene molecule can be turned in the figure. - [Fibre-reinforced composites: from layup to strength](https://www.labcanvas.com/templates/graphical-abstracts/fibre-reinforced-composites-layup-strength) ([Markdown](https://www.labcanvas.com/templates/graphical-abstracts/fibre-reinforced-composites-layup-strength.md)): A split-screen graphical abstract: on one side a brittle epoxy matrix that cracks, on the other stiff carbon fibres that carry the load. An exploded quasi-isotropic laminate, plies at 0°, 45°, 90° and −45°, spans the divide, and a strip along the bottom shows how laminates fail: fibre breakage, matrix cracking, delamination and kinking. - [Tough hydrogels: sacrificial bonds that break so the gel does not](https://www.labcanvas.com/templates/graphical-abstracts/tough-hydrogels-sacrificial-bonds-that-break-so-gel-does-not) ([Markdown](https://www.labcanvas.com/templates/graphical-abstracts/tough-hydrogels-sacrificial-bonds-that-break-so-gel-does-not.md)): A radial graphical abstract on tough hydrogels: a live 3D water-swollen polymer network at the hub, with four satellites on its structure, the sacrificial-bond mechanism, the numbers and the uses. Ordinary gels are brittle; double-network and ionic–covalent hybrid gels add weak bonds that break first and dissipate energy, lifting the fracture energy from about 10 to about 9,000 J m⁻². - [Silica aerogel: from sol to superinsulator](https://www.labcanvas.com/templates/graphical-abstracts/silica-aerogel-sol-superinsulator) ([Markdown](https://www.labcanvas.com/templates/graphical-abstracts/silica-aerogel-sol-superinsulator.md)): A timeline of how silica aerogel is made: a silica sol gels into a wet particle network, ages, and is dried without letting its pores collapse, by supercritical CO₂ or by ambient-pressure drying after silylation. The result is a solid that is mostly air, with very low density and thermal conductivity, used for insulation, Cherenkov detectors and oil sorption. - [Shape-selective catalysis in zeolites: from pellet to pore window](https://www.labcanvas.com/templates/graphical-abstracts/shape-selective-catalysis-zeolites-pellet-pore-window) ([Markdown](https://www.labcanvas.com/templates/graphical-abstracts/shape-selective-catalysis-zeolites-pellet-pore-window.md)): A concentric zoom into a zeolite catalyst: a shaped pellet of crystals, the ZSM-5 framework of corner-sharing TO₄ tetrahedra (a live 3D model), a pore channel lined with Brønsted acid sites, and a 10-ring window where slim para-xylene slips out while bulkier ortho-xylene is held back. Side captions explain each level, the three kinds of shape selectivity and where zeolites are used in refining and petrochemistry. - [Liquid crystals: order between solid and liquid](https://www.labcanvas.com/templates/graphical-abstracts/liquid-crystals-order-between-solid-liquid) ([Markdown](https://www.labcanvas.com/templates/graphical-abstracts/liquid-crystals-order-between-solid-liquid.md)): A phase spectrum of a rod-like liquid crystal: on heating, 8CB goes from crystal to smectic A, nematic and isotropic liquid, losing positional order before orientational order. A live 3D nematic shows the director, the shared axis that walls or an electric field can turn, and a twisted-nematic pixel between crossed polarisers shows how that becomes bright and dark in a display. - [Crystal defects that shape materials](https://www.labcanvas.com/templates/graphical-abstracts/crystal-defects-that-shape-materials) ([Markdown](https://www.labcanvas.com/templates/graphical-abstracts/crystal-defects-that-shape-materials.md)): A quadrant graphical abstract of crystal defects by dimension around a live 3D edge dislocation: point defects that let atoms diffuse and dope semiconductors, dislocations that carry plastic flow, grain boundaries that strengthen by Hall–Petch, and precipitates and voids that harden alloys or start fracture. Every statement and number is taken from the cited papers. - [Memristors for brain-inspired computing: the synapse and its electronic twin](https://www.labcanvas.com/templates/graphical-abstracts/memristors-brain-inspired-computing-synapse-electronic-twin) ([Markdown](https://www.labcanvas.com/templates/graphical-abstracts/memristors-brain-inspired-computing-synapse-electronic-twin.md)): A mirrored graphical abstract: the biological synapse on the left, the memristor on the right, and a central spine that pairs them row by row. Synaptic strength maps to conductance, spike-timing learning to voltage pulses, and a neural network to a crossbar array that multiplies in memory. - [Triboelectric nanogenerators: turning everyday motion into electricity](https://www.labcanvas.com/templates/graphical-abstracts/triboelectric-nanogenerators-turning-everyday-motion-into-electricity) ([Markdown](https://www.labcanvas.com/templates/graphical-abstracts/triboelectric-nanogenerators-turning-everyday-motion-into-electricity.md)): The triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) drawn as a four-stage cycle: two materials touch and charge, pulling them apart drives electrons through a load, they rest balanced, and pressing them together sends the electrons back, so every press and release gives a pair of opposite current pulses. Around the cycle sit the material pair, the piezoelectric ZnO-nanowire cousin, a nanofibre textile harvester as a live 3D model and a row of uses, from wearables and self-powered sensors to wind and ocean waves.